Congenital Heart Disease Surgery Flashcards
7 cards from real CSC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Congenital Heart Disease Surgery flashcards as text
What are the four components of Tetralogy of Fallot?
Answer: Ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy
Tetralogy of Fallot consists of VSD, pulmonary stenosis (RVOTO), overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy — all resulting from anterosuperior displacement of the infundibular septum.
The definitive repair for Tetralogy of Fallot involves which two key components?
Answer: VSD patch closure and right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction
Complete repair of Tetralogy of Fallot requires closing the VSD with a patch and relieving RVOT obstruction, often using a transannular patch or conduit.
The classic Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt anastomoses which two structures?
Answer: Subclavian artery to ipsilateral pulmonary artery
The classic BT shunt connects the subclavian artery end-to-side to the ipsilateral pulmonary artery, increasing pulmonary blood flow in cyanotic congenital heart disease.
Which anatomical feature distinguishes a secundum ASD from a primum ASD?
Answer: Secundum ASD occurs in the fossa ovalis; primum ASD is in the inferior septum adjacent to the AV valves
Secundum ASDs occur centrally at the fossa ovalis, while primum ASDs are located in the inferior atrial septum adjacent to the AV valves and are part of the atrioventricular septal defect spectrum.
What is the primary hemodynamic indication for surgical closure of a ventricular septal defect (VSD)?
Answer: Qp:Qs ratio greater than 1.5:1 with symptoms or evidence of volume overload
Surgical closure is indicated when the pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio exceeds 1.5:1, particularly when accompanied by symptoms, recurrent infections, or ventricular volume overload.
The arterial switch operation (Jatene procedure) is the definitive repair for which congenital defect?
Answer: D-transposition of the great arteries
The arterial switch operation corrects D-TGA by transecting both great arteries and re-anastomosing them to their correct ventricular origins, along with coronary artery reimplantation.
During the Norwood Stage I procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome, which key anastomosis creates unobstructed systemic outflow?
Answer: Damus-Kaye-Stansel anastomosis connecting the proximal pulmonary artery to the aorta
The Damus-Kaye-Stansel anastomosis connects the proximal main pulmonary artery to the hypoplastic ascending aorta, creating an unobstructed outflow from the single right ventricle to the systemic circulation.