Cardiac Surgery Certification Exam Cardiopulmonary Bypass Techniques 2

Question 1

Which agent is most commonly used to achieve myocardial protection during aortic cross-clamping?

Accepted Answer

Cardioplegia solution

Answer

Nitroglycerin

Answer

Adenosine

Answer

Magnesium sulfate

Question 2

What is the primary advantage of retrograde cardioplegia delivery via the coronary sinus?

Accepted Answer

Ensures cardioplegia reaches areas with obstructed coronary arteries

Answer

Delivers higher cardioplegia volumes

Answer

Avoids aortic cannulation

Answer

Provides more rapid cardiac arrest

Question 3

Hypothermia during CPB protects organs primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Reducing metabolic demand and oxygen consumption

Answer

Increasing cardiac output

Answer

Improving blood viscosity

Answer

Enhancing diuresis

Question 4

Which complication is most commonly associated with excessive hemodilution on cardiopulmonary bypass?

Accepted Answer

Coagulopathy and impaired oxygen delivery

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Answer

Arrhythmia

Question 5

The arterial filter in the CPB circuit is used primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Remove gaseous and particulate microemboli before arterial return

Answer

Monitor blood pressure

Answer

Regulate flow rate

Answer

Measure oxygen saturation

Question 6

During weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, the perfusionist should gradually:

Accepted Answer

Decrease pump flow while the heart fills and cardiac output recovers

Answer

Increase pump flow to maintain MAP

Answer

Administer protamine immediately

Answer

Lower the venous reservoir level rapidly