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CSC Flashcards

7 cards from real CSC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A patient with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) presents 2 hours after symptom onset. The cath lab is available. What is the preferred reperfusion strategy?

    Answer: Primary PCI within 90 minutes of first medical contact

    Primary PCI is the preferred reperfusion strategy for STEMI when door-to-balloon time can be achieved within 90 minutes of first medical contact.

  2. Which valve lesion is most likely to produce a crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur that radiates to the carotid arteries?

    Answer: Aortic stenosis

    Aortic stenosis produces a harsh crescendo-decrescendo (diamond-shaped) systolic ejection murmur best heard at the right upper sternal border with radiation to the carotids.

  3. A 72-year-old woman with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis is deemed high surgical risk. Which intervention is most appropriate?

    Answer: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)

    TAVR is the preferred intervention for severe symptomatic AS in high or prohibitive surgical risk patients and has shown non-inferiority to SAVR even in intermediate-risk patients.

  4. Which finding on a right heart catheterization would suggest pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) rather than pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH)?

    Answer: Mean PAP >25 mmHg with PCWP ≤15 mmHg

    PAH is defined by mean PAP >25 mmHg with PCWP ≤15 mmHg and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (>3 Wood units), distinguishing it from left heart disease-related PVH.

  5. A patient develops complete heart block after inferior STEMI. Which vessel is most likely occluded?

    Answer: Right coronary artery

    The RCA supplies the AV node in ~90% of patients; inferior STEMI from RCA occlusion commonly causes AV nodal blocks including complete heart block.

  6. Which medication has been shown to reduce hospitalizations for heart failure in patients with HFrEF through neprilysin inhibition combined with ARB blockade?

    Answer: Sacubitril/valsartan (Entresto)

    Sacubitril/valsartan (ARNI) inhibits neprilysin (increasing natriuretic peptides) and blocks the RAAS, reducing cardiovascular death and HF hospitalizations vs. enalapril in PARADIGM-HF.

  7. A 45-year-old woman presents with a mid-systolic click followed by a late systolic murmur at the apex. Which diagnosis is most likely?

    Answer: Mitral valve prolapse

    Mitral valve prolapse classically presents with a mid-systolic click (billowing of leaflets into LA) followed by a late systolic murmur of mitral regurgitation.