CAOP Drug Information and Literature Evaluation 2

Question 1

A study reports a p-value of 0.03. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

There is a 3% chance of observing the results by chance if the null hypothesis is true

Answer

There is a 3% chance the drug works

Answer

The drug is clinically significant

Answer

The study had a 97% power

Question 2

Which bias occurs when sicker patients are more likely to receive the intervention being studied?

Accepted Answer

Confounding by indication

Answer

Recall bias

Answer

Allocation bias

Answer

Detection bias

Question 3

What is the number needed to treat (NNT) if the absolute risk reduction is 5%?

Accepted Answer

20

Answer

5

Answer

10

Answer

50

Question 4

Which secondary drug information source indexes biomedical literature and helps locate primary studies?

Accepted Answer

MEDLINE (PubMed)

Answer

Micromedex

Answer

Lexicomp

Answer

Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference

Question 5

When critically evaluating a clinical trial, which element best assesses internal validity?

Accepted Answer

Sample size calculation and randomization method

Answer

Journal impact factor

Answer

Number of study centers

Answer

Country where the study was conducted

Question 6

A pharmacist receives a question about a drug not available in the US. Which resource would be MOST useful?

Accepted Answer

Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference

Answer

FDA Orange Book

Answer

US Pharmacopeia

Answer

ASHP Drug Shortages database