Phonological Awareness Skills Flashcards

A student can blend onset and rime (e.g., /b/ + /at/ = 'bat') but struggles to blend individual phonemes (e.g., /b/ + /æ/ + /t/ = 'bat'). This pattern indicates the student is at which level of phonological awareness development?

Answer: Onset-rime awareness without complete phoneme segmentation

Onset-rime blending is a less complex skill that precedes full phoneme-by-phoneme blending in the developmental hierarchy of phonological awareness.

Which task best measures a student's ability to manipulate phonemes at the most advanced level of phonological awareness?

Answer: Phoneme substitution (e.g., change /k/ in 'cat' to /h/)

Phoneme substitution requires the student to delete an existing phoneme and insert a new one, representing the most complex level of phoneme manipulation.

During a phoneme segmentation task, a student segments 'splash' as /sp/ /l/ /æ/ /ʃ/ instead of /s/ /p/ /l/ /æ/ /ʃ/. This error most likely reflects difficulty with:

Answer: Consonant cluster (blend) segmentation

Treating a consonant cluster like /sp/ as a single unit rather than two separate phonemes indicates difficulty segmenting blends.

A CALT is assessing phonological awareness in a student who speaks African American Vernacular English (AAVE). The student says 'tes' for 'test.' When scoring a final-consonant deletion task, the clinician should:

Answer: Consider dialect features and not penalize for AAVE phonological patterns

Final consonant cluster reduction is a systematic feature of AAVE, so culturally responsive assessment requires distinguishing dialect differences from phonological deficits.

Which of the following describes the difference between phonological awareness and phonological processing?

Answer: Phonological awareness is one component of the broader construct of phonological processing

Phonological processing is the broader construct that includes phonological awareness, phonological memory, and rapid automatized naming.

A student is asked to say 'smile' without the /m/. The student responds 'sile.' This task is called:

Answer: Phoneme deletion

Phoneme deletion requires the student to remove a specified phoneme from a word and produce the remaining sounds.

Research consistently shows that the strongest predictor of early reading success among phonological awareness skills is:

Answer: Phoneme awareness, particularly phoneme segmentation and blending

Phoneme-level awareness, especially the ability to segment and blend individual phonemes, is the most robust phonological predictor of decoding and early reading achievement.