Neurobiology of Reading and Dyslexia Flashcards
6 cards from real CALT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Neurobiology of Reading and Dyslexia flashcards as text
Structural neuroimaging studies have found which anatomical feature commonly associated with dyslexia?
Answer: Atypical symmetry or reversed asymmetry of the planum temporale
Research has found that typical readers show leftward asymmetry of the planum temporale, while individuals with dyslexia often show symmetry or reversed asymmetry in this language-related region.
The concept of neural efficiency in reading means that proficient readers:
Answer: Activate reading-related brain regions with less effort and greater automaticity
Skilled readers show efficient, automatized activation of the left posterior reading network, requiring less effortful processing than novice or impaired readers.
The cerebellum's potential role in dyslexia according to Nicolson and Fawcett's automaticity deficit hypothesis involves:
Answer: Automating motor and cognitive skills including reading-related automaticity
Nicolson and Fawcett proposed that cerebellar dysfunction in dyslexia impairs the automatization of motor and cognitive skills, including the procedural learning needed for fluent reading.
Neurons in the left angular gyrus are particularly important for reading because they are involved in:
Answer: Cross-modal integration of phonological, semantic, and visual word information
The angular gyrus is a crossmodal association area where visual, phonological, and semantic information converge, supporting fluent word recognition.
The reading brain primarily develops through which process?
Answer: Experience-dependent neuroplasticity shaped by instruction and reading practice
The reading brain develops through experience-dependent neuroplasticity driven by instruction and reading practice, recycling regions originally dedicated to object recognition for letter and word processing.
Which researcher is most associated with using neuroimaging to demonstrate that dyslexia involves a disruption in left posterior brain reading systems?
Answer: Sally Shaywitz
Sally Shaywitz at Yale conducted landmark fMRI studies demonstrating that individuals with dyslexia show disrupted activation of the left posterior reading systems compared to typical readers.