Gait Analysis and Locomotion Assessment Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Gait Analysis and Locomotion Assessment flashcards as text
In equine locomotion, what is the term for the brief period during the canter or gallop when no hooves are in contact with the ground?
Answer: Suspension phase
The suspension phase (also called the aerial phase) is the period during canter or gallop when all four limbs are simultaneously off the ground.
What does 'overtracking' refer to in equine gait evaluation?
Answer: The hind hoof landing in front of the print left by the ipsilateral forehoof
Overtracking occurs when the hind hoof lands cranial to the print made by the ipsilateral forehoof, indicating good hindquarter engagement and adequate range of motion.
In force plate gait analysis, which parameter directly measures the maximum downward load a limb applies to the ground during stance?
Answer: Peak vertical force (PVF)
Peak vertical force (PVF) measures the maximum downward force a limb exerts on the ground during the stance phase and is the primary indicator of weight-bearing symmetry.
Which hindlimb gait pattern in large-breed dogs is classically associated with bilateral hip dysplasia?
Answer: Bunny-hopping or pelvic sway gait
Dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia often exhibit a bunny-hopping gait at the trot or canter, where both hindlimbs advance together, or a characteristic pelvic sway to reduce loading on painful hip joints.
What is the significance of a reduced stance phase duration in one limb during kinematic gait analysis?
Answer: It suggests pain or instability causing the animal to minimize weight-bearing time on that limb
Reduced stance phase duration in one limb indicates the animal is minimizing time loading that limb, which is a compensatory response to pain or structural instability.
Which spinal region dysfunction is most commonly associated with hindlimb propulsion deficits and a shortened caudal phase of the stride in horses?
Answer: Lumbosacral junction (L5–S1 or L6–S1)
The lumbosacral junction is the primary fulcrum for hindlimb propulsion; dysfunction at this level directly impairs push-off mechanics, shortening the caudal phase of the hindlimb stride.
Which assessment method uses high-speed cameras and reflective markers on bony landmarks to quantify three-dimensional joint angles during locomotion?
Answer: 3D kinematic motion capture
3D kinematic motion capture uses high-speed cameras tracking reflective markers on bony landmarks to calculate precise three-dimensional joint angles and segment kinematics throughout the gait cycle.