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Bachelor of Theology Faith & Catholic Tradition Flashcards

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  1. Which encyclical, issued by Pope Leo XIII in 1891, is considered the foundation of modern Catholic social teaching?

    Answer: Rerum Novarum

    Rerum Novarum (1891) addressed the conditions of the working classes and established foundational principles of Catholic social doctrine.

  2. In Catholic Trinitarian theology, what term describes the eternal relations within the Trinity that distinguish the three Persons?

    Answer: Relations of opposition

    Relations of opposition (or real relations) are what distinguish the three Persons of the Trinity: the Father generates, the Son is generated, and the Spirit is spirated.

  3. According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, what is the primary purpose of prayer?

    Answer: To establish a living relationship with the living and true God

    The Catechism teaches that prayer is a living and personal relationship with God, primarily a covenant relationship between God and humanity.

  4. What is the Catholic term for the sin of trading in spiritual goods or sacred objects for material gain?

    Answer: Simony

    Simony is the buying or selling of spiritual goods or sacred offices, named after Simon Magus who tried to purchase apostolic power in Acts 8.

  5. In Catholic theology, what distinguishes mortal sin from venial sin?

    Answer: Mortal sin involves grave matter, full knowledge, and deliberate consent; venial sin lacks one of these conditions

    Catholic teaching holds that mortal sin requires grave matter, sufficient reflection (full knowledge), and full consent of the will; venial sin lacks at least one of these conditions.

  6. Which of the following describes the Catholic understanding of 'natural law'?

    Answer: The participation of rational creatures in the eternal law of God, discernible through reason

    Natural law, in Catholic moral theology, is the rational creature's participation in God's eternal law, accessible through reason alone without divine revelation.

  7. What is the theological term for the Catholic doctrine that the Pope, when speaking ex cathedra on faith or morals, is preserved from error?

    Answer: Papal infallibility

    Papal infallibility is the doctrine that the Pope, when defining a doctrine of faith or morals for the whole Church ex cathedra, is preserved from error by the Holy Spirit.