Bachelor of Theology Faith & Catholic Tradition Flashcards

Which council defined the dogma of papal infallibility in 1870?

Answer: First Vatican Council

The First Vatican Council (Vatican I) formally defined the dogma of papal infallibility in the constitution Pastor Aeternus.

In Catholic tradition, what is the term for the full body of authoritative Church teaching on faith and morals?

Answer: Magisterium

The Magisterium refers to the teaching authority of the Church, exercised by the Pope and bishops in communion with him.

Which sacrament does Catholic theology describe as the 'sacrament of initiation' that removes original sin?

Answer: Baptism

Baptism is the first sacrament of initiation that washes away original sin and incorporates the person into the Body of Christ.

What does the theological term 'filioque' refer to in the context of the Nicene Creed?

Answer: The procession of the Holy Spirit from both the Father and the Son

Filioque is a Latin term meaning 'and from the Son,' added by the Western Church to affirm that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son.

Which Catholic doctrine holds that Mary was conceived without original sin?

Answer: Immaculate Conception

The Immaculate Conception, defined as dogma by Pope Pius IX in 1854, teaches that Mary was preserved from original sin from the moment of her conception.

In Catholic sacramental theology, what is the Latin phrase describing that a sacrament works by the very act of being performed, regardless of the minister's holiness?

Answer: Ex opere operato

Ex opere operato means 'from the work performed,' indicating that sacraments convey grace by virtue of the sacramental action itself.

What is the Catholic term for the four last things that every person will face?

Answer: Death, Judgment, Heaven, Hell

The four last things in Catholic eschatology are Death, Judgment, Heaven, and Hell, which all souls will ultimately encounter.