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Bachelor of Theology Basic Christian Doctrine Flashcards

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  1. In pneumatology, what distinguishes the 'filioque' controversy between Eastern and Western Christianity?

    Answer: Whether the Spirit proceeds from the Father alone or from both Father and Son

    The filioque ('and the Son') clause, added by Western churches to the Nicene Creed, became a major point of division leading to the Great Schism of 1054.

  2. Which eschatological position holds that Christ will return before a literal 1,000-year reign on earth?

    Answer: Premillennialism

    Premillennialism teaches that the Second Coming precedes and inaugurates a literal millennium of Christ's reign described in Revelation 20.

  3. What does the doctrine of 'justification by faith alone' (sola fide) primarily teach?

    Answer: God declares sinners righteous solely on the basis of faith in Christ

    Sola fide, a key Reformation doctrine, holds that God's declaration of righteousness is received through faith in Christ alone, not through works.

  4. The term 'perichoresis' describes which aspect of Trinitarian theology?

    Answer: The mutual indwelling and interpenetration of the three divine persons

    Perichoresis (or 'circumincession' in Latin) describes the dynamic, mutual indwelling of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit within the one God.

  5. Which view of Scripture holds that the biblical authors were moved by the Spirit while their individual personalities were fully preserved?

    Answer: Organic inspiration

    Organic inspiration affirms that the Spirit worked through each author's unique background, vocabulary, and style to produce an authoritative text.

  6. What is the theological term for God's attribute of being the source of His own existence, needing nothing outside Himself?

    Answer: Aseity

    Aseity (from the Latin 'a se,' meaning 'from himself') affirms that God is entirely self-existent and self-sufficient.

  7. In ecclesiology, what is meant by the 'marks of the church' as defined at the Reformation?

    Answer: The presence of true preaching of the Word and right administration of sacraments

    Reformers identified the true church by the pure preaching of the gospel and the proper administration of baptism and the Lord's Supper.