BSocSc Bachelor of Social Science Bachelor of Social Science Psychology 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable impulses to another person?
- Reaction formation
- Projection (Correct answer)
- Sublimation
- Rationalization
Correct answer: Projection
Projection is the defense mechanism in which a person unconsciously attributes their own unwanted thoughts or feelings to someone else.
Question 2: The DSM-5 replaced the multiaxial system with a single-axis approach. What was Axis II in the old DSM-IV system?
- Clinical disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety)
- Personality disorders and intellectual disabilities (Correct answer)
- General medical conditions
- Psychosocial and environmental problems
Correct answer: Personality disorders and intellectual disabilities
Axis II in DSM-IV covered personality disorders and intellectual disabilities (then termed mental retardation), which are now integrated into the single-axis DSM-5.
Question 3: Which theoretical perspective emphasizes unconscious conflicts originating in early childhood as the root of psychological disorders?
- Behavioral
- Humanistic
- Psychodynamic (Correct answer)
- Cognitive
Correct answer: Psychodynamic
The psychodynamic perspective, rooted in Freud's work, holds that unresolved unconscious conflicts from early experiences drive psychological symptoms.
Question 4: In social psychology, bystander effect research by Latané and Darley found that intervention likelihood decreases because of:
- Diffusion of responsibility among bystanders (Correct answer)
- Increased aggression in crowd settings
- Deindividuation of the victim
- Social loafing by the first responder
Correct answer: Diffusion of responsibility among bystanders
Latané and Darley's research showed that the presence of others diffuses personal responsibility, making each individual less likely to help in an emergency.
Question 5: Which type of validity indicates that a test accurately predicts a real-world criterion measured at a future point?
- Concurrent validity
- Predictive validity (Correct answer)
- Content validity
- Construct validity
Correct answer: Predictive validity
Predictive validity is established when a test score correlates with a criterion measure obtained in the future, such as SAT scores predicting college GPA.
Question 6: Maslow placed 'esteem needs' at which level of his hierarchy of needs?
- Level 2 (Safety needs)
- Level 3 (Belongingness needs)
- Level 4 (Esteem needs) (Correct answer)
- Level 5 (Self-actualization)
Correct answer: Level 4 (Esteem needs)
In Maslow's five-level hierarchy, esteem needs (achievement, status, recognition) occupy the fourth level, above social belonging and below self-actualization.
Question 7: Which neurotransmitter is most directly implicated in the reward pathway and is associated with feelings of pleasure and motivation?
- Serotonin
- Norepinephrine
- Acetylcholine
- Dopamine (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Dopamine
Dopamine is the primary neurotransmitter in the mesolimbic reward pathway; its release in the nucleus accumbens underlies feelings of pleasure and reinforces motivated behavior.
BSocSc Bachelor of Social Science Bachelor of Social Science Psychology 3
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable impulses to another person?