Production Management Flashcards

In MRP (Material Requirements Planning), which input document lists the components and subassemblies needed to make each finished product?

Answer: Bill of Materials (BOM)

The Bill of Materials specifies every component and quantity required to manufacture one unit of the parent item.

A manufacturer produces 500 units/day and the defect rate is 2%. Using Six Sigma terminology, reducing defects to 3.4 per million opportunities represents which sigma level?

Answer: Six sigma

Six Sigma by definition targets no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.

Which queuing model assumes infinite calling population, Poisson arrivals, and exponential service times with a single server?

Answer: M/M/1

The M/M/1 model denotes Markovian (Poisson) arrivals, Markovian (exponential) service, and one server.

Frozen zone in a Master Production Schedule refers to the period during which:

Answer: Changes to the schedule are not permitted without management approval

The frozen zone protects near-term commitments by restricting unauthorized changes to the MPS.

Which lean tool uses a visual card or signal to authorize production or material movement between processes?

Answer: Kanban

Kanban cards serve as authorization signals that trigger replenishment only when downstream consumption occurs.

A Gantt chart is primarily used in production management to:

Answer: Visualize the schedule and progress of jobs over time

Gantt charts display planned versus actual job timelines across machines or workstations.

In the context of capacity management, the ratio of actual output to effective capacity is called:

Answer: Efficiency

Efficiency = actual output ÷ effective capacity, measuring how well effective capacity is being used.