BSE Technology Management and Innovation

Question 1

What is the primary distinction between 'invention' and 'innovation' in technology management?

Accepted Answer

Invention is the creation of a new idea; innovation is the successful implementation of that idea to create value

Answer

Invention always requires a patent; innovation does not

Answer

Innovation only occurs in manufacturing; invention occurs in research labs

Answer

Invention is incremental; innovation is always radical

Question 2

What does the 'Technology Readiness Level' (TRL) scale measure?

Accepted Answer

The maturity level of a technology from basic research to full deployment

Answer

The number of engineers trained to use a specific technology

Answer

The market readiness of a product for commercial launch

Answer

The speed at which a technology can be deployed in the field

Question 3

Which technology adoption curve segment consists of visionary early buyers who are willing to accept risk and high prices for new technology?

Accepted Answer

Early Adopters

Answer

Innovators

Answer

Early Majority

Answer

Laggards

Question 4

What is 'disruptive innovation' as defined by Clayton Christensen?

Accepted Answer

An innovation that initially targets overlooked market segments and eventually displaces established competitors

Answer

A radical breakthrough that immediately replaces existing technology in all markets

Answer

Any technological change that disrupts production schedules

Answer

An innovation that improves existing product performance for premium customers

Question 5

What is the purpose of a technology roadmap in engineering management?

Accepted Answer

To align technology development plans with business strategy and communicate the path forward

Answer

To document the physical location of technology assets in a facility

Answer

To track the career progression of technology staff members

Answer

To list all software licenses owned by the organization

Question 6

Which intellectual property protection covers new, useful, and non-obvious inventions and grants the inventor exclusive rights for 20 years?

Accepted Answer

Patent

Answer

Copyright

Answer

Trademark

Answer

Trade Secret