BSCS : Network Fundamentals 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which switching method begins forwarding a frame as soon as the destination MAC address is read, without waiting for the full frame?
- Store-and-forward
- Cut-through (Correct answer)
- Fragment-free
- Adaptive switching
Correct answer: Cut-through
Cut-through switching begins forwarding after reading only the first 6 bytes (destination MAC), offering the lowest latency but no error checking.
Question 2: What is the broadcast address of the network 10.0.0.0/8?
- 10.0.0.1
- 10.255.255.254
- 10.255.255.255 (Correct answer)
- 10.0.0.255
Correct answer: 10.255.255.255
The broadcast address of 10.0.0.0/8 is formed by setting all host bits to 1, yielding 10.255.255.255.
Question 3: Which protocol is used by routers to automatically learn and share network routing information using a link-state algorithm?
- RIP
- OSPF (Correct answer)
- BGP
- EIGRP
Correct answer: OSPF
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state routing protocol that uses Dijkstra's algorithm to compute the shortest path tree.
Question 4: What is the function of NAT (Network Address Translation)?
- Encrypt packets between networks
- Map private IP addresses to public IP addresses for internet access (Correct answer)
- Assign IP addresses automatically
- Filter traffic by port number
Correct answer: Map private IP addresses to public IP addresses for internet access
NAT translates private IP addresses on a local network to a public IP address when communicating with external networks, conserving public address space.
Question 5: Which IEEE standard defines wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) communication?
- 802.3
- 802.11 (Correct answer)
- 802.1Q
- 802.15
Correct answer: 802.11
IEEE 802.11 is the standard family that defines wireless LAN (WLAN) communication, commonly marketed as Wi-Fi.
Question 6: In a TCP segment, what does the ACK flag indicate?
- The segment initiates a new connection
- The acknowledgment number field is valid and contains the next expected byte (Correct answer)
- The sender wants to reset the connection
- Urgent data is present
Correct answer: The acknowledgment number field is valid and contains the next expected byte
When the ACK flag is set, the acknowledgment number field contains the sequence number of the next byte the receiver expects.
Question 7: Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for data encryption, compression, and format translation?
- Application Layer
- Session Layer
- Presentation Layer (Correct answer)
- Transport Layer
Correct answer: Presentation Layer
The Presentation Layer (Layer 6) handles data formatting, encryption/decryption, and compression so the application layer can process information consistently.
BSCS : Network Fundamentals 4
Which switching method begins forwarding a frame as soon as the destination MAC address is read, without waiting for the full frame?