Retina and Vitreous Disorders Flashcards
7 cards from real Board Certified Ophthalmologist practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Retina and Vitreous Disorders flashcards as text
Multiple cotton-wool spots and polygonal areas of retinal whitening sparing the zone next to the arterioles appear after acute pancreatitis. What is the diagnosis?
Answer: Purtscher-like retinopathy
Pancreatitis can cause Purtscher-like retinopathy with Purtscher flecken, which are areas of inner retinal whitening with a clear perivascular zone.
Right after heavy weightlifting, a patient has a dense premacular sub-ILM hemorrhage. Which outpatient procedure can drain it quickly?
Answer: Nd:YAG laser membranotomy
Nd:YAG hyaloidotomy or membranotomy lets a Valsalva premacular hemorrhage drain into the vitreous cavity.
For hydroxychloroquine screening in Asian patients, AAO guidelines recommend which visual field protocol in addition to 10-2?
Answer: 24-2 or 30-2 to detect pericentral toxicity
Asian patients often show pericentral rather than parafoveal toxicity, so wider fields and OCT scans are advised.
A woman taking long-term therapy for breast cancer has fine refractile yellow crystals around the fovea. What is the most likely cause?
Answer: Tamoxifen
Tamoxifen retinopathy produces perifoveal refractile crystals and can cause macular edema or a pseudo-MacTel picture.
Which HLA association is strongest for birdshot chorioretinopathy?
Answer: HLA-A29
HLA-A29 is found in over 95% of patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy.
A young myopic woman has acute unilateral photopsia, multiple small gray-white spots at the posterior pole and foveal granularity, and improves on her own over weeks. What is the diagnosis?
Answer: Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome
MEWDS is typically unilateral in young women, shows foveal granularity and 'wreath-like' FA hyperfluorescence, and resolves without treatment.
Which imaging test is the gold standard for diagnosing polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy?
Answer: Indocyanine green angiography
ICGA shows the branching vascular network and the polypoidal lesions, and the EVEREST studies used it to diagnose PCV.