Lens and Cataract Flashcards
7 cards from real Board Certified Ophthalmologist practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Lens and Cataract flashcards as text
In Marfan syndrome, the lens is most commonly displaced in which direction?
Answer: Superotemporally
Marfan syndrome usually causes bilateral superotemporal subluxation with stretched but intact zonules.
A child with short stature, brachydactyly, and small spherical lenses presents with angle-closure glaucoma. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Weill-Marchesani syndrome
Weill-Marchesani syndrome causes microspherophakia, which can produce pupillary block, and miotics can make the block worse.
To get the best visual outcome, a dense unilateral congenital cataract should ideally be removed by about what age?
Answer: 6 weeks
Removing a dense unilateral cataract by about 4-6 weeks of age, followed by optical correction, reduces irreversible deprivation amblyopia.
An infant with failure to thrive and an "oil droplet" cataract most likely has a deficiency of which enzyme?
Answer: Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase
Classic galactosemia (GALT deficiency) leads to galactitol buildup in the lens, and the cataract may reverse with early dietary restriction.
A boy has congenital cataracts, glaucoma, hypotonia, and renal tubular dysfunction. His mother has punctate cortical lens opacities. What is the diagnosis?
Answer: Lowe (oculocerebrorenal) syndrome
Lowe syndrome is X-linked recessive (OCRL gene), and female carriers often have punctate lens opacities.
A unilateral microphthalmic eye has leukocoria, a retrolental fibrovascular membrane, and elongated ciliary processes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Persistent fetal vasculature
Persistent fetal vasculature is typically unilateral in a small eye, and the retrolental membrane pulls the ciliary processes inward.
The Infant Aphakia Treatment Study, in infants aged 1-7 months with unilateral cataract, found that primary IOL implantation compared with contact lens correction resulted in:
Answer: Similar visual acuity but more adverse events and reoperations with IOLs
The IATS showed no visual acuity advantage for primary IOL placement and a much higher rate of additional intraocular surgery.