Cornea and External Disease Flashcards
6 cards from real Board Certified Ophthalmologist practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Cornea and External Disease flashcards as text
Which condition is characterized by progressive thinning of the cornea?
Answer: Keratoconus
Dry eye disease results from insufficient tear production or rapid tear evaporation, leading to inadequate lubrication of the eye surface. The most common and characteristic symptom is a persistent gritty, scratchy, or burning sensation in the eyes. This discomfort can be accompanied by redness, stinging, and sometimes reflex tearing.
What is the primary symptom of dry eye disease?
Answer: Gritty or burning sensation
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly aggressive bacterium frequently implicated in severe contact lens-related keratitis. This microorganism can rapidly cause corneal ulcers and significant vision loss due to its ability to adhere to contact lenses and produce damaging toxins. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications.
Which microorganism is most commonly associated with contact lens-related keratitis?
Answer: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bacterial conjunctivitis is an infection of the conjunctiva, typically presenting with redness, discharge, and irritation. The first-line treatment involves topical antibiotic eye drops or ointments. These medications effectively target and eliminate the bacteria, reducing symptoms and preventing the spread of the infection.
What is the typical first-line treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis?
Answer: Topical antibiotics
Blepharitis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the eyelid margins, often caused by bacterial overgrowth or dysfunction of the meibomian glands. Key symptoms include redness, itching, irritation, and crusting of the eyelashes, along with a persistent gritty sensation in the eyes.
Which condition involves inflammation of the eyelid margins?
Answer: Blepharitis
The Schirmer test is a common diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the quantity of tear production. It involves placing a small strip of filter paper inside the lower eyelid for a few minutes to measure the amount of moisture absorbed. This test helps in diagnosing dry eye conditions and assessing tear film function.
Which test is commonly used to evaluate tear production?
Answer: Schirmer test
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often linked to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). The primary objective of glaucoma treatment is to lower and maintain a healthy IOP. This crucial step helps to prevent further damage to the optic nerve and preserve the patient's remaining vision.