Oculoplastics and Orbital Disease Flashcards
6 cards from real Board Certified Ophthalmologist practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Oculoplastics and Orbital Disease flashcards as text
What is the most common cause of acquired ptosis in adults in the United States?
Answer: Aponeurotic ptosis
Aponeurotic (involutional) ptosis from dehiscence or disinsertion of the levator aponeurosis is the most common cause of acquired ptosis in adults.
Which surgical procedure is preferred for correction of ptosis with poor levator function (less than 4 mm)?
Answer: Frontalis suspension
Frontalis suspension is used for severe ptosis with poor levator function (<4 mm) because it harnesses the frontalis muscle to elevate the lid.
A patient develops ipsilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis following carotid artery dissection. Which pathway is disrupted?
Answer: Sympathetic pathway to the eye
Horner syndrome results from disruption of the sympathetic pathway; carotid artery dissection affects the postganglionic fibers that travel with the internal carotid artery.
Which imaging modality is preferred for evaluating suspected optic nerve sheath meningioma?
Answer: MRI with fat suppression and gadolinium
MRI with fat suppression and gadolinium contrast best demonstrates the tram-track sign and soft tissue extent of optic nerve sheath meningioma.
What is the first-line treatment for a small, localized sebaceous cell carcinoma of the eyelid with clear margins?
Answer: Mohs micrographic surgery or wide local excision with frozen section control
Sebaceous cell carcinoma requires complete excision with margin control (Mohs or frozen sections) due to its pagetoid spread and high recurrence risk.
Which of the following findings is most consistent with a diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid?
Answer: Pearly nodule with rolled edges and loss of eyelashes (madarosis)
Basal cell carcinoma typically appears as a pearly, indurated nodule with rolled edges; loss of eyelashes (madarosis) is an important clinical sign.