FREE Retina and Vitreous Disorders Questions and Answers Flashcards
6 cards from real Board Certified Ophthalmologist practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 FREE Retina and Vitreous Disorders Questions and Answers flashcards as text
A 62-year-old diabetic patient presents with neovascularization of the disc (NVD) covering more than one-third of the disc area. According to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS), what is the most appropriate next step?
Answer: Prompt panretinal photocoagulation
The ETDRS established that high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy with NVD exceeding one-third disc area warrants prompt panretinal photocoagulation to reduce the risk of severe vision loss.
Which finding on optical coherence tomography (OCT) is most characteristic of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC)?
Answer: Subretinal fluid with a neurosensory detachment and possible pigment epithelial detachment
CSC classically demonstrates a dome-shaped neurosensory detachment with subretinal fluid accumulation, often accompanied by a pigment epithelial detachment on OCT.
A patient with a history of retinal detachment repair presents with decreased vision and an epiretinal membrane causing significant macular distortion. Which surgical intervention is most appropriate?
Answer: Pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling
Pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling is the standard surgical treatment for visually significant epiretinal membranes causing macular distortion.
What is the most common cause of vitreous hemorrhage in adults over age 50?
Answer: Posterior vitreous detachment with retinal tear
Posterior vitreous detachment causing a retinal tear with disruption of a bridging retinal vessel is the most common etiology of vitreous hemorrhage in adults over 50.
A 45-year-old woman presents with sudden painless vision loss and fundoscopy reveals a cherry-red spot at the macula with surrounding retinal whitening. Which condition is most likely?
Answer: Central retinal artery occlusion
A cherry-red spot with surrounding pale, edematous retina is the hallmark fundoscopic finding of central retinal artery occlusion due to inner retinal ischemia.
In a patient with wet age-related macular degeneration, which OCT finding most strongly indicates active choroidal neovascularization requiring treatment?
Answer: Subretinal and intraretinal fluid with pigment epithelial detachment
The presence of subretinal fluid, intraretinal fluid, or pigment epithelial detachment on OCT indicates active exudation from choroidal neovascularization requiring anti-VEGF therapy.