FREE Board Certified Ophthalmologist Retina and Vitreous Diseases Questions and Answers Flashcards
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Read the first 6 FREE Board Certified Ophthalmologist Retina and Vitreous Diseases Questions and Answers flashcards as text
A 55-year-old patient presents with a unilateral yellowish subretinal lesion and associated subretinal fluid. Ultrasound reveals acoustic hollowing. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Choroidal melanoma
A dome-shaped subretinal lesion with acoustic hollowing on B-scan ultrasonography is characteristic of choroidal melanoma.
Which genetic mutation is most commonly associated with Best vitelliform macular dystrophy?
Answer: BEST1 (bestrophin-1)
Best vitelliform macular dystrophy is caused by mutations in the BEST1 gene encoding bestrophin-1, a chloride channel protein in the retinal pigment epithelium.
What is the recommended first-line treatment for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion?
Answer: Intravitreal anti-VEGF injection
Intravitreal anti-VEGF agents are the current first-line treatment for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion based on CRUISE and similar landmark trials.
A premature infant born at 26 weeks gestational age undergoes retinopathy of prematurity screening. Zone I, stage 3 disease with plus disease is identified. What is the appropriate management?
Answer: Treatment within 72 hours with laser photocoagulation or intravitreal anti-VEGF
Zone I ROP with plus disease meets criteria for type 1 ROP per the ETROP study, requiring treatment within 72 hours with laser photocoagulation or intravitreal anti-VEGF.
Which condition is most commonly associated with asteroid hyalosis?
Answer: No consistent systemic association
Despite earlier reports suggesting associations with diabetes mellitus, large population-based studies have shown no consistent systemic association with asteroid hyalosis.
A patient with high myopia presents with a gradually progressive visual field defect. Fundoscopy reveals a peripapillary crescent and posterior staphyloma. What retinal complication is this patient most at risk for?
Answer: Myopic macular schisis and foveal detachment
High myopia with posterior staphyloma predisposes to myopic traction maculopathy including macular schisis and foveal detachment due to mechanical stretching forces.