FREE Board Certified Ophthalmologist Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Questions and Answers Flashcards
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Read the first 6 FREE Board Certified Ophthalmologist Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Questions and Answers flashcards as text
A 5-year-old undergoes surgery for inferior oblique overaction. Which procedure is most commonly performed?
Answer: Inferior oblique recession or myectomy
Inferior oblique weakening via recession or myectomy is the standard procedure for symptomatic inferior oblique overaction.
What is the critical period for treating amblyopia to achieve the best visual outcome?
Answer: Before age 7-8 years
The visual system retains significant plasticity until approximately age 7-8, making this the critical window for effective amblyopia treatment.
A neonate presents with bilateral upper eyelid ptosis, inability to elevate either eye, and chin-up head posture. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles
Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) presents with restrictive ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, and characteristic infraducted eye positions from birth.
In a child with fourth cranial nerve palsy, which head posture is most characteristic?
Answer: Head tilt away from the affected side with chin depression
Children with fourth nerve palsy tilt their head away from the affected side and depress the chin to minimize vertical diplopia from superior oblique weakness.
A 2-year-old has an abduction deficit of the left eye with narrowing of the palpebral fissure on attempted adduction. What is the diagnosis?
Answer: Left Duane retraction syndrome type I
Duane retraction syndrome type I features limited abduction with globe retraction and palpebral fissure narrowing on adduction due to co-innervation of the lateral rectus.
Which investigation is most important before performing strabismus surgery in a child with a recently acquired esotropia and no clear accommodative component?
Answer: MRI brain with attention to posterior fossa
Acquired non-accommodative esotropia in a child warrants MRI of the brain to rule out posterior fossa pathology such as Chiari malformation or tumor.