BMST - Basic Math and Science Ratios, Proportions, and Percentages Questions and Answers 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A store increases a price from $50 to $65. What is the percentage increase?
- 20%
- 25%
- 30% (Correct answer)
- 35%
Correct answer: 30%
Percentage increase = (65 − 50) / 50 × 100 = 15/50 × 100 = 30%.
Question 2: Two gears have a tooth ratio of 3:8. If the smaller gear rotates 40 times, how many times does the larger gear rotate?
- 12 times
- 15 times (Correct answer)
- 18 times
- 20 times
Correct answer: 15 times
3/8 = 40/x → x = 40 × 8 / 3 ... actually gear ratios are inverse: larger gear turns = 40 × 3/8 = 15 times.
Question 3: On a map, 2 centimeters represents 50 kilometers. How many centimeters represent 175 kilometers?
- 5 cm
- 6 cm
- 7 cm (Correct answer)
- 8 cm
Correct answer: 7 cm
2/50 = x/175 → x = 2 × 175 / 50 = 7 cm.
Question 4: A student scored 78 out of 120 on a test. What percentage did the student score, rounded to the nearest whole number?
- 63%
- 65% (Correct answer)
- 67%
- 70%
Correct answer: 65%
78 / 120 × 100 = 65%.
Question 5: A mixture contains 3 parts water to 1 part concentrate. To make 32 ounces of mixture, how many ounces of concentrate are needed?
- 6 oz
- 8 oz (Correct answer)
- 10 oz
- 12 oz
Correct answer: 8 oz
Total parts = 4; concentrate = 1/4 × 32 = 8 ounces.
Question 6: A price drops from $120 to $90. What is the percentage decrease?
- 20%
- 25% (Correct answer)
- 30%
- 33%
Correct answer: 25%
Percentage decrease = (120 − 90) / 120 × 100 = 30/120 × 100 = 25%.
Question 7: If a 6-foot pole casts an 8-foot shadow, how tall is a tree that casts a 20-foot shadow?
- 13 ft
- 14 ft
- 15 ft (Correct answer)
- 16 ft
Correct answer: 15 ft
6/8 = h/20 → h = 6 × 20 / 8 = 15 feet.
BMST - Basic Math and Science Ratios, Proportions, and Percentages Questions and Answers 4
A store increases a price from $50 to $65.
What is the percentage increase?