BMST - Basic Math and Science Ratios, Proportions, and Percentages Questions and Answers 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A solution is 15% salt by weight. If you have 200 grams of the solution, how many grams of salt does it contain?
- 20 grams
- 25 grams
- 30 grams (Correct answer)
- 35 grams
Correct answer: 30 grams
15% of 200 = 0.15 × 200 = 30 grams of salt.
Question 2: A car travels 180 miles using 6 gallons of gas. At this rate, how many gallons are needed for a 270-mile trip?
- 7 gallons
- 8 gallons
- 9 gallons (Correct answer)
- 10 gallons
Correct answer: 9 gallons
Set up the proportion 180/6 = 270/x, giving x = 270 × 6 / 180 = 9 gallons.
Question 3: The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3:5. If there are 24 boys, how many students are in the class total?
- 32
- 40
- 56
- 64 (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 64
If 3 parts = 24, then 1 part = 8; total parts = 3 + 5 = 8, so total students = 8 × 8 = 64.
Question 4: An item originally priced at $80 is marked down by 35%. What is the sale price?
- $45.00
- $48.00
- $52.00 (Correct answer)
- $55.00
Correct answer: $52.00
Discount = 35% × $80 = $28; sale price = $80 − $28 = $52.00.
Question 5: If 5 workers can complete a task in 12 days, how many days would it take 10 workers to complete the same task?
- 3 days
- 4 days
- 6 days (Correct answer)
- 8 days
Correct answer: 6 days
This is inverse proportion: 5 × 12 = 10 × d, so d = 60 / 10 = 6 days.
Question 6: What percentage is 45 out of 180?
- 20%
- 25% (Correct answer)
- 30%
- 40%
Correct answer: 25%
45 / 180 × 100 = 0.25 × 100 = 25%.
Question 7: A recipe uses flour and sugar in a ratio of 4:1. If you need 20 cups of flour, how many cups of sugar do you need?
- 3 cups
- 4 cups
- 5 cups (Correct answer)
- 6 cups
Correct answer: 5 cups
If flour is 4 parts and flour = 20 cups, then 1 part = 5 cups, so sugar = 1 × 5 = 5 cups.
BMST - Basic Math and Science Ratios, Proportions, and Percentages Questions and Answers 3
A solution is 15% salt by weight.
If you have 200 grams of the solution, how many grams of salt does it contain?