BMST - Basic Math and Science Earth's Geological Cycles Questions and Answers 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which process converts solid rock into sediment through physical and chemical breakdown?
- Metamorphism
- Weathering (Correct answer)
- Subduction
- Crystallization
Correct answer: Weathering
Weathering breaks down rock into smaller particles through physical forces (like frost) and chemical reactions (like oxidation).
Question 2: At which type of plate boundary does seafloor spreading occur?
- Convergent boundary
- Transform boundary
- Divergent boundary (Correct answer)
- Subduction zone
Correct answer: Divergent boundary
Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries where tectonic plates move apart and magma fills the gap to form new oceanic crust.
Question 3: What is the name of the supercontinent that existed approximately 335 million years ago before breaking apart?
- Laurasia
- Gondwana
- Pangaea (Correct answer)
- Rodinia
Correct answer: Pangaea
Pangaea was a single landmass that included all of Earth's continents before it began breaking apart about 175 million years ago.
Question 4: Which layer of Earth's interior is responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field?
- Crust
- Mantle
- Outer core (Correct answer)
- Inner core
Correct answer: Outer core
The liquid outer core, composed mainly of iron and nickel, generates Earth's magnetic field through convective motion.
Question 5: During the carbon cycle, what process do plants use to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
- Respiration
- Decomposition
- Photosynthesis (Correct answer)
- Combustion
Correct answer: Photosynthesis
Plants use photosynthesis to convert atmospheric CO₂ and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight as energy.
Question 6: What type of rock forms when magma cools and solidifies beneath Earth's surface?
- Sedimentary rock
- Metamorphic rock
- Extrusive igneous rock
- Intrusive igneous rock (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Intrusive igneous rock
Intrusive igneous rock (also called plutonic rock) forms when magma slowly cools underground, allowing large crystals to develop.
Question 7: In the water cycle, what term describes water vapor changing directly into ice without passing through liquid form?
- Condensation
- Sublimation
- Deposition (Correct answer)
- Evaporation
Correct answer: Deposition
Deposition is the process where water vapor transforms directly into ice crystals, which is how frost and snow form at very cold temperatures.
BMST - Basic Math and Science Earth's Geological Cycles Questions and Answers 3
Which process converts solid rock into sediment through physical and chemical breakdown?