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- Basic Math and Science Atomic Structure and Bonding Questions and Answers Flashcards

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  1. Which subatomic particle determines the chemical identity of an element?

    Answer: Proton

    The number of protons (atomic number) uniquely identifies each element.

  2. What type of bond forms when one atom donates electrons to another atom?

    Answer: Ionic bond

    Ionic bonds form through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating oppositely charged ions.

  3. How many electrons can the third electron shell (n=3) hold at maximum?

    Answer: 18

    The third shell can hold a maximum of 18 electrons, calculated by 2n² = 2(3)² = 18.

  4. Which element has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹?

    Answer: Aluminum

    This configuration has 13 electrons total, which matches aluminum (atomic number 13).

  5. A molecule of water (H₂O) has two O-H bonds. What is the geometry of this molecule?

    Answer: Bent (V-shaped)

    Water has a bent shape due to two lone pairs on oxygen that repel the bonding pairs.

  6. What is an isotope?

    Answer: An atom of the same element with a different number of neutrons

    Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in neutron count and therefore mass number.

  7. Which type of chemical bond is the WEAKEST?

    Answer: Van der Waals (London dispersion) forces

    Van der Waals or London dispersion forces are the weakest intermolecular attractions, arising from temporary dipoles.