BMS Battery Fundamentals & Electrochemistry 3

Question 1

What is the definition of Coulombic efficiency (CE) in a battery cycle?

Accepted Answer

Ratio of charge extracted on discharge to charge input on charge

Answer

Coulombic efficiency is the ratio of discharge capacity to charge capacity in a given cycle, reflecting how much charge is lost to side reactions.

Question 2

Which factor most significantly reduces ionic conductivity of a liquid electrolyte at low temperatures?

Accepted Answer

Higher viscosity reducing ion mobility

Answer

At low temperatures, electrolyte viscosity increases substantially, slowing ionic mobility and reducing the electrolyte's ability to conduct lithium ions efficiently.

Question 3

In a lead-acid battery, what is the active material at the positive electrode during discharge?

Accepted Answer

Lead dioxide (PbO₂)

Answer

During discharge, PbO₂ at the positive electrode is reduced to PbSO₄ as it reacts with sulfate ions from the electrolyte.

Question 4

What does the term 'intercalation' mean in the context of lithium-ion batteries?

Accepted Answer

The insertion of lithium ions into the layered host structure of an electrode without destroying it

Answer

Intercalation is the reversible insertion of guest ions (Li⁺) into the interstitial spaces of a host crystal lattice, enabling repeated charge-discharge cycling.

Question 5

What is the standard reduction potential reference electrode used in aqueous electrochemistry?

Accepted Answer

Standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)

Answer

The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is defined as 0.00 V and serves as the universal reference against which all other electrode potentials are measured.

(BMS) Battery Management System Certification Practice Test

(BMS) Battery Management System Certification Practice Test

BMS Battery Fundamentals & Electrochemistry 3