Bachelor of Landscape Architecture Urban Design Flashcards

Which urban design principle uses a grid of streets to create predictable, navigable city blocks?

Answer: Rectilinear grid

A rectilinear grid creates predictable, regular blocks that simplify navigation and land subdivision.

In urban design, 'defensible space' theory was developed by which theorist?

Answer: Oscar Newman

Oscar Newman introduced defensible space theory, emphasizing how physical design can reduce crime through territorial definition.

What is the primary function of a 'woonerf' in urban landscape design?

Answer: To create shared street space prioritizing pedestrians over vehicles

A woonerf (living street) is a shared space design where pedestrians and cyclists have priority and vehicle speeds are greatly reduced.

Which urban heat island mitigation strategy involves planting trees along streets and in parking lots?

Answer: Urban forestry

Urban forestry provides shade and evapotranspiration, directly reducing surface and air temperatures in cities.

Transit-oriented development (TOD) concentrates density within what typical walking radius of a transit stop?

Answer: Half mile (800 m)

TOD focuses higher-density mixed-use development within a half-mile (800 m) walking radius of transit stations.

The concept of 'eyes on the street' promoting safety through passive surveillance was popularized by whom?

Answer: Jane Jacobs

Jane Jacobs argued in 'The Death and Life of Great American Cities' that active street life and mixed uses create natural surveillance.

Which landscape element in urban design primarily manages stormwater runoff while adding aesthetic value?

Answer: Bioswale

Bioswales are vegetated channels designed to slow, filter, and infiltrate stormwater while providing green infrastructure amenities.