Biology Test Plant Biology 4

Question 1

Which plant structure stores food reserves in a seed and nourishes the embryo during germination?

Accepted Answer

Endosperm

Answer

The endosperm is a nutrient-rich tissue in seeds that provides energy and nutrients to the developing embryo during germination.

Question 2

What term describes plants that complete their life cycle in two growing seasons?

Accepted Answer

Biennial

Answer

Biennials such as carrots and foxglove grow vegetatively in their first year and flower, set seed, and die in their second year.

Question 3

What is the main function of the waxy cuticle on leaf surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Prevent excessive water loss

Answer

The cuticle is a layer of cutin secreted by epidermal cells that reduces transpiration by limiting water vapor loss from leaf surfaces.

Question 4

Which process allows sugar produced during photosynthesis to be transported from leaves to other plant parts?

Accepted Answer

Translocation

Answer

Translocation is the movement of photosynthate (mainly sucrose) through phloem tissue from source organs (leaves) to sink organs (roots, fruits).

Question 5

What is double fertilization, a process unique to angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

One sperm fertilizes the egg and a second sperm fuses with the polar nuclei

Answer

In double fertilization, one sperm cell fuses with the egg to form the zygote, while a second sperm fuses with two polar nuclei to form the triploid endosperm.

Biology Practice Test

Biology Practice Test

Biology Test Plant Biology 4