Biology Test Biology Microbiology and Biotechnology 2

Question 1

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

Accepted Answer

tRNA

Answer

mRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

snRNA

Question 2

What is the function of restriction endonucleases in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

Cut DNA at specific sequences

Answer

Join DNA fragments together

Answer

Replicate DNA strands

Answer

Transcribe DNA into RNA

Question 3

Which structure allows bacteria to survive extreme environmental conditions?

Accepted Answer

Endospore

Answer

Capsule

Answer

Pilus

Answer

Flagellum

Question 4

In CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, what is the role of the guide RNA?

Accepted Answer

It directs Cas9 to a specific DNA sequence

Answer

It cuts the DNA double strand

Answer

It repairs the cut DNA

Answer

It transcribes the target gene

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a prion?

Accepted Answer

A misfolded protein that induces other proteins to misfold

Answer

A virus with a DNA genome

Answer

A bacterium lacking a cell wall

Answer

A viroid that infects plant cells

Question 6

What process is used in the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to separate DNA strands?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation by heat

Answer

Centrifugation

Answer

Enzymatic digestion

Answer

Electrophoresis

Question 7

Which antibiotic targets the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Erythromycin

Answer

Penicillin

Answer

Tetracycline

Answer

Ciprofloxacin