Biology Test Biology Human Anatomy & Physiology 3

Question 1

Which layer of the skin contains melanocytes that produce melanin?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Answer

Melanocytes in the stratum basale produce melanin, which protects deeper cells from UV radiation.

Question 2

The bicuspid (mitral) valve controls blood flow between which two chambers?

Accepted Answer

Left atrium and left ventricle

Answer

The bicuspid valve prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole.

Question 3

Which region of the brain regulates body temperature, hunger, and the release of pituitary hormones?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

The hypothalamus integrates autonomic functions and controls the pituitary gland through releasing and inhibiting hormones.

Question 4

Surfactant, which reduces surface tension in alveoli, is produced by which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Type II pneumocytes

Answer

Type II pneumocytes secrete pulmonary surfactant, preventing alveolar collapse during expiration.

Question 5

What term describes the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?

Accepted Answer

Abduction

Answer

Abduction moves a limb laterally away from the body's midline, such as raising an arm to the side.

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