Biology Test Biology Cell Structure & Function 2

Question 1

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Smooth ER

Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Peroxisome

Question 2

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Digesting cellular waste and foreign material

Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Answer

Producing ATP

Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 3

Which cytoskeletal component is primarily responsible for cell shape and resisting compression?

Accepted Answer

Microtubules

Answer

Microfilaments

Answer

Intermediate filaments

Answer

Motor proteins

Question 4

What distinguishes smooth endoplasmic reticulum from rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Smooth ER lacks ribosomes; rough ER has ribosomes on its surface

Answer

Smooth ER contains DNA; rough ER does not

Answer

Smooth ER produces ATP; rough ER produces lipids

Answer

Smooth ER is found only in plant cells

Question 5

In which part of a eukaryotic cell does translation occur?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes in the cytoplasm and on rough ER

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria only

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

What is the role of the centrosome in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Organizing the mitotic spindle during cell division

Answer

Synthesizing lipids for the plasma membrane

Answer

Storing calcium ions for muscle contraction

Answer

Producing ribosomes for protein synthesis

Question 7

Which feature of the plasma membrane allows it to be selectively permeable?

Accepted Answer

The phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

Answer

Its rigid cellulose framework

Answer

The presence of a thick glycocalyx only

Answer

A solid cholesterol core