Biology Test Biology Anatomy and Physiology 5

Question 1

Which part of the brain regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

The hypothalamus integrates autonomic, endocrine, and behavioral responses to maintain homeostasis, including thermoregulation and appetite control.

Question 2

A sarcomere is defined as the region between two consecutive:

Accepted Answer

Z discs

Answer

A sarcomere spans from one Z disc (Z line) to the next and is the basic contractile unit of a myofibril.

Question 3

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the lungs to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary vein

Answer

The pulmonary veins (four total) carry freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Question 4

Which type of joint allows the greatest range of motion and is found at the shoulder and hip?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joints allow multiaxial movement including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction.

Question 5

During an action potential, the rapid influx of which ion causes depolarization of the neuron?

Accepted Answer

Sodium (Na⁺)

Answer

Voltage-gated Na⁺ channels open during depolarization, allowing rapid influx of sodium ions and driving the membrane potential toward +30 mV.

Biology Practice Test