Biology Test Biology Biochemistry & Metabolism

Question 1

Which molecule serves as the primary energy currency of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) stores and transfers chemical energy for cellular processes.

Question 2

Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction by:

Accepted Answer

Providing an alternative reaction pathway

Answer

Enzymes provide an alternative pathway with a lower activation energy, speeding up reactions without being consumed.

Question 3

Which process converts glucose into pyruvate in the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Glycolysis is the cytoplasmic pathway that breaks down one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, yielding 2 net ATP.

Question 4

What is the net ATP yield from one glucose molecule during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Answer

Glycolysis produces 4 ATP but uses 2 ATP as investment, giving a net yield of 2 ATP per glucose.

Question 5

Anabolic reactions in metabolism are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Building complex molecules from simpler ones

Answer

Anabolic reactions consume energy to synthesize complex macromolecules from smaller precursor molecules.

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