BHS Nutrition and Dietetics 2 โ Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor for proper absorption in the ileum?
- Vitamin B6
- Vitamin B12 (Correct answer)
- Folate
- Vitamin C
Correct answer: Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) must bind to intrinsic factor, secreted by gastric parietal cells, to be absorbed in the terminal ileum.
Question 2: A patient on a 2,000 kcal diet is advised to limit saturated fat to less than 10% of calories. What is the maximum grams of saturated fat allowed per day?
- 15 g
- 20 g
- 22 g (Correct answer)
- 30 g
Correct answer: 22 g
10% of 2,000 kcal = 200 kcal รท 9 kcal/g = approximately 22 g of saturated fat.
Question 3: Which monosaccharide is the primary fuel for red blood cells and the central nervous system under normal fasting conditions?
- Fructose
- Galactose
- Glucose (Correct answer)
- Ribose
Correct answer: Glucose
Glucose is the obligate fuel for red blood cells (which lack mitochondria) and the preferred substrate for the brain.
Question 4: What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates in adults?
- 20โ35% of total energy
- 35โ50% of total energy
- 45โ65% of total energy (Correct answer)
- 55โ75% of total energy
Correct answer: 45โ65% of total energy
The DRI establishes 45โ65% of total energy from carbohydrates as the AMDR for adults.
Question 5: Kwashiorkor is primarily caused by a deficiency of which macronutrient?
- Fat
- Carbohydrate
- Protein (Correct answer)
- Total calories
Correct answer: Protein
Kwashiorkor results from severe protein deficiency with relatively adequate caloric intake, leading to edema and fatty liver.
Question 6: Which fatty acid is classified as essential and must be obtained from the diet?
- Oleic acid (18:1)
- Palmitic acid (16:0)
- Linoleic acid (18:2n-6) (Correct answer)
- Stearic acid (18:0)
Correct answer: Linoleic acid (18:2n-6)
Linoleic acid is an essential omega-6 fatty acid because humans lack the ฮ12 desaturase enzyme needed to synthesize it.
Question 7: A dietitian calculating a patient's nitrogen balance uses which conversion factor to estimate protein from nitrogen?
- 4.0
- 5.7
- 6.25 (Correct answer)
- 9.0
Correct answer: 6.25
Protein is approximately 16% nitrogen, so dividing protein by 0.16 (or multiplying nitrogen by 6.25) converts between the two.
BHS Nutrition and Dietetics 2
Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor for proper absorption in the ileum?