BHS Health and Wellness 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which federal agency is responsible for setting Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for the U.S. population?
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) (Correct answer)
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Correct answer: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM)
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine establishes DRIs through expert panels that review nutritional science.
Question 2: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is PRIMARILY designed to:
- Eliminate stressors from the environment
- Improve aerobic capacity through guided movement
- Increase present-moment awareness to reduce psychological distress (Correct answer)
- Administer cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders
Correct answer: Increase present-moment awareness to reduce psychological distress
MBSR uses meditation, yoga, and body awareness practices to cultivate nonjudgmental present-moment attention and reduce stress.
Question 3: A waist circumference exceeding 40 inches in men and 35 inches in women is used as a screening cutoff for:
- Osteoporosis risk
- Abdominal obesity linked to metabolic risk (Correct answer)
- Moderate anemia
- Vitamin D deficiency
Correct answer: Abdominal obesity linked to metabolic risk
These sex-specific waist circumference thresholds indicate excess visceral adiposity, which is associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk.
Question 4: The concept of 'health literacy' refers to:
- The ability to read and write at a college level
- An individual's capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information (Correct answer)
- Knowledge of pharmacology and drug interactions
- A health professional's competency in clinical documentation
Correct answer: An individual's capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information
Health literacy encompasses skills needed to make appropriate health decisions, including reading labels, understanding instructions, and navigating health systems.
Question 5: Which type of muscle fiber is MOST recruited during a 400-meter sprint?
- Type I (slow-twitch) fibers
- Type IIa (fast-twitch oxidative) fibers
- Type IIx (fast-twitch glycolytic) fibers (Correct answer)
- Cardiac muscle fibers
Correct answer: Type IIx (fast-twitch glycolytic) fibers
Type IIx fibers generate force rapidly using anaerobic glycolysis and are preferentially recruited during high-intensity, short-duration efforts like sprinting.
Question 6: Social determinants of health (SDOH) include all of the following EXCEPT:
- Housing stability
- Access to education
- Individual genetic mutations (Correct answer)
- Neighborhood safety
Correct answer: Individual genetic mutations
SDOH are conditions in the environments where people live, learn, and work; individual genetic mutations are biological determinants, not social ones.
Question 7: According to the American College of Sports Medicine, adults should accumulate at least how many minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week for substantial health benefits?
- 75 minutes
- 100 minutes
- 150 minutes (Correct answer)
- 300 minutes
Correct answer: 150 minutes
ACSM guidelines recommend at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for meaningful cardiorespiratory and metabolic benefits.
BHS Health and Wellness 4
Which federal agency is responsible for setting Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for the U.S. population?