BHP Psychological Theories 3 â Questions and Answers
Question 1: The ABC model in Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) identifies 'B' as:
- Behavior that follows an event
- Belief system about the activating event (Correct answer)
- Biological predisposition to distress
- Behavioral consequence of therapy
Correct answer: Belief system about the activating event
In Ellis's ABC model, B stands for the beliefârational or irrationalâthat mediates between the activating event (A) and the emotional consequence (C).
Question 2: Maslow's hierarchy of needs places which need at the very top of the pyramid?
- Esteem needs
- Love and belonging
- Safety needs
- Self-actualization (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Self-actualization
Self-actualizationârealizing one's full potentialâsits at the apex of Maslow's hierarchy, attainable only after lower-order needs are met.
Question 3: Which of the following best describes the concept of 'operant conditioning' as developed by B.F. Skinner?
- Learning through observation of others
- Learning through the association of stimuli
- Learning through consequences of behavior (Correct answer)
- Learning through insight and restructuring
Correct answer: Learning through consequences of behavior
Operant conditioning holds that behavior is shaped by its consequencesâreinforcement increases behavior while punishment decreases it.
Question 4: A behavioral health professional using a systems theory approach would view a client's depression primarily as:
- An intrapsychic conflict rooted in childhood
- An irrational thinking pattern
- A symptom embedded within relational and contextual systems (Correct answer)
- A conditioned response to negative stimuli
Correct answer: A symptom embedded within relational and contextual systems
Systems theory views individual symptoms as expressions of dysfunction within the broader relational, family, or social systems surrounding the person.
Question 5: In psychodynamic theory, the 'superego' is best described as:
- The source of basic drives and instincts
- The reality-testing executive function
- The internalized moral standards and ideals (Correct answer)
- The preconscious store of memories
Correct answer: The internalized moral standards and ideals
The superego represents internalized societal rules, parental standards, and moral values that judge and censor the ego's actions.
Question 6: Which theorist is credited with developing Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), originally designed to treat borderline personality disorder?
- Aaron Beck
- Marsha Linehan (Correct answer)
- Steven Hayes
- Albert Ellis
Correct answer: Marsha Linehan
Marsha Linehan developed DBT, which integrates cognitive-behavioral techniques with acceptance and mindfulness strategies.
Question 7: In Carl Rogers' person-centered theory, 'unconditional positive regard' means the therapist:
- Agrees with all client decisions
- Accepts the client without conditions or judgment (Correct answer)
- Provides positive reinforcement for healthy behaviors
- Avoids confronting the client on problematic behaviors
Correct answer: Accepts the client without conditions or judgment
Unconditional positive regard is the therapist's complete acceptance of the client regardless of what they say or do, without evaluation or judgment.
BHP Psychological Theories 3
The ABC model in Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) identifies 'B' as: