BHK Sports Nutrition 2

Question 1

Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption in the gut and is often deficient in indoor athletes?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 2

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) is most directly caused by:

Accepted Answer

Low energy availability due to inadequate caloric intake relative to exercise energy expenditure

Answer

Excessive protein intake

Answer

Overhydration during training

Answer

High carbohydrate diet

Question 3

The primary role of beta-alanine supplementation in athletes is to:

Accepted Answer

Buffer intramuscular hydrogen ions by increasing carnosine levels

Answer

Increase muscle glycogen storage

Answer

Enhance fat oxidation during exercise

Answer

Increase testosterone production

Question 4

Which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect of food (TEF), meaning it requires the most energy to digest?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Fat

Answer

Alcohol

Question 5

Post-exercise carbohydrate-protein co-ingestion is recommended primarily because:

Accepted Answer

Protein amplifies insulin response and enhances glycogen resynthesis alongside carbohydrate

Answer

It prevents ketosis

Answer

Protein alone is more effective at restoring glycogen

Answer

Fat storage is reduced when both are consumed

Question 6

Caffeine improves endurance performance primarily through which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Antagonizing adenosine receptors in the brain, reducing perception of effort and fatigue

Answer

Directly increasing muscle glycogen synthesis

Answer

Increasing fat storage mobilization only

Answer

Stimulating insulin secretion