BHK Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The rotator cuff consists of which four muscles?
- Deltoid, biceps, triceps, and coracobrachialis
- Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis (Correct answer)
- Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, and serratus anterior
- Trapezius, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, and levator scapulae
Correct answer: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis
The SITS muscles (Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis) form the rotator cuff and stabilize the glenohumeral joint.
Question 2: Which bone landmark serves as the primary insertion site for the quadriceps femoris muscle group?
- Fibular head
- Tibial tuberosity (Correct answer)
- Medial malleolus
- Greater trochanter of the femur
Correct answer: Tibial tuberosity
The quadriceps tendons merge into the patellar tendon, which inserts onto the tibial tuberosity, enabling knee extension.
Question 3: Which joint classification describes the hip joint?
- Hinge (ginglymus)
- Condyloid (ellipsoidal)
- Ball and socket (spheroidal) (Correct answer)
- Pivot (trochoid)
Correct answer: Ball and socket (spheroidal)
The hip is a ball-and-socket (spheroidal) joint between the femoral head and acetabulum, allowing movement in all three planes.
Question 4: The primary action of the gluteus medius muscle is:
- Hip extension
- Hip abduction and internal rotation (Correct answer)
- Hip flexion
- Hip adduction
Correct answer: Hip abduction and internal rotation
The gluteus medius is the primary hip abductor and also assists with internal rotation of the hip, critical for pelvic stability during gait.
Question 5: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee primarily resists:
- Posterior tibial translation and valgus stress
- Anterior tibial translation relative to the femur and rotational forces (Correct answer)
- Medial collateral stress
- Hyperflexion forces
Correct answer: Anterior tibial translation relative to the femur and rotational forces
The ACL prevents the tibia from sliding anteriorly on the femur and controls rotational stability, making it vulnerable in pivoting and cutting movements.
Question 6: Which nerve root levels are associated with the femoral nerve that innervates the quadriceps?
- S1–S3
- C5–C7
- L2–L4 (Correct answer)
- T10–T12
Correct answer: L2–L4
The femoral nerve arises from the lumbar plexus at nerve roots L2, L3, and L4 and innervates the quadriceps femoris and iliopsoas.
BHK Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System 1
The rotator cuff consists of which four muscles?