BGS, BSGS Bachelor of General Studies BSGS Computer Studies 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of cyberattack involves an attacker intercepting communications between two parties without their knowledge?
- Phishing Attack
- Man-in-the-Middle Attack (Correct answer)
- Denial of Service Attack
- SQL Injection
Correct answer: Man-in-the-Middle Attack
A man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack occurs when an attacker secretly intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties.
Question 2: In the context of databases, what does ACID stand for?
- Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability (Correct answer)
- Accuracy, Completeness, Integrity, Distribution
- Atomicity, Computation, Indexing, Durability
- Access, Control, Integrity, Data
Correct answer: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
ACID properties — Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability — ensure reliable database transaction processing.
Question 3: What is the function of a DNS server?
- To assign IP addresses dynamically to devices on a network
- To translate human-readable domain names into IP addresses (Correct answer)
- To encrypt web traffic using SSL certificates
- To filter malicious websites and block threats
Correct answer: To translate human-readable domain names into IP addresses
A DNS (Domain Name System) server resolves domain names like www.example.com into numeric IP addresses computers can use.
Question 4: In machine learning, what is 'overfitting'?
- A model that performs poorly on both training and test data
- A model that learns the training data too well and fails to generalize to new data (Correct answer)
- A model trained on too little data
- A model with too few parameters to capture patterns
Correct answer: A model that learns the training data too well and fails to generalize to new data
Overfitting occurs when a model memorizes training data noise and specifics, leading to poor performance on unseen data.
Question 5: Which data structure would be most efficient for implementing a priority queue?
- Array
- Linked List
- Heap (Correct answer)
- Hash Table
Correct answer: Heap
A heap provides O(log n) insertion and O(1) access to the highest-priority element, making it ideal for priority queues.
Question 6: What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6 addresses?
- IPv4 uses 128-bit addresses while IPv6 uses 32-bit addresses
- IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses while IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses (Correct answer)
- IPv4 supports more devices than IPv6
- IPv6 is only used for internal networks
Correct answer: IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses while IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses
IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses (about 4.3 billion unique addresses), while IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses, providing vastly more address space.
Question 7: In software engineering, what is the purpose of version control systems like Git?
- To optimize code execution speed
- To track changes to code over time and enable collaboration (Correct answer)
- To automatically test code for bugs
- To deploy applications to production servers
Correct answer: To track changes to code over time and enable collaboration
Version control systems track file changes over time, allowing teams to collaborate, revert to previous versions, and manage code branches.
BGS, BSGS Bachelor of General Studies BSGS Computer Studies 4
Which type of cyberattack involves an attacker intercepting communications between two parties without their knowledge?