BGS, BSGS Bachelor of General Studies Psychology and Behavioral Sciences 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the difference between 'intrinsic' and 'extrinsic' motivation?
- Intrinsic motivation comes from external rewards; extrinsic comes from internal satisfaction
- Intrinsic motivation is driven by internal enjoyment; extrinsic is driven by external rewards or pressure (Correct answer)
- They are two terms for the same concept
- Intrinsic motivation only applies to physical activities
Correct answer: Intrinsic motivation is driven by internal enjoyment; extrinsic is driven by external rewards or pressure
Intrinsic motivation comes from internal satisfaction or interest, while extrinsic motivation is driven by external rewards like money or grades.
Question 2: Which psychologist is associated with the theory of psychosexual development stages?
- Carl Jung
- Jean Piaget
- Sigmund Freud (Correct answer)
- Erik Erikson
Correct answer: Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud proposed that personality develops through five psychosexual stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
Question 3: What is a 'control group' in a psychological experiment?
- The group that receives the experimental treatment
- The group that does not receive the treatment, used as a baseline for comparison (Correct answer)
- The group chosen to lead the study
- A group of participants who know the study's hypothesis
Correct answer: The group that does not receive the treatment, used as a baseline for comparison
The control group is not exposed to the experimental variable, providing a baseline to measure the treatment's effect.
Question 4: What does 'nature vs. nurture' debate address in psychology?
- Whether the environment or genetics should be prioritized in conservation policy
- The relative influence of genetics (nature) versus environment and experience (nurture) on development (Correct answer)
- The conflict between natural and synthetic therapies
- How animals learn versus how humans learn
Correct answer: The relative influence of genetics (nature) versus environment and experience (nurture) on development
The nature vs. nurture debate examines the degree to which behavior and traits are shaped by genetics versus environmental influences.
Question 5: What is 'short-term memory' limited to, according to classic cognitive psychology research?
- 1–2 items
- 7 plus or minus 2 items (Correct answer)
- Unlimited items for a brief period
- Exactly 10 items
Correct answer: 7 plus or minus 2 items
George Miller's research found that short-term memory can hold approximately 7 (±2) chunks of information at one time.
Question 6: What term describes a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object or situation?
- Anxiety Disorder
- Phobia (Correct answer)
- Obsession
- Paranoia
Correct answer: Phobia
A phobia is an intense, irrational, and persistent fear of a specific object or situation that leads to avoidance behavior.
BGS, BSGS Bachelor of General Studies Psychology and Behavioral Sciences 2
What is the difference between 'intrinsic' and 'extrinsic' motivation?