BGS, BSGS Bachelor of General Studies Mathematics and Statistics 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What does a positive correlation between two variables indicate?
- As one variable increases, the other decreases
- The two variables have no relationship
- As one variable increases, the other also tends to increase (Correct answer)
- One variable causes the other to change
Correct answer: As one variable increases, the other also tends to increase
A positive correlation means the two variables move in the same direction — when one goes up, the other tends to go up too.
Question 2: What is the difference between a 'population' and a 'sample' in statistics?
- A population is always smaller than a sample
- A population includes all members of a group; a sample is a subset selected for study (Correct answer)
- A sample includes every possible observation
- There is no meaningful difference
Correct answer: A population includes all members of a group; a sample is a subset selected for study
A population is the entire group of interest, while a sample is a smaller portion drawn from it to make inferences.
Question 3: What does the 'range' of a data set measure?
- The average of all data points
- The spread from the minimum to maximum value (Correct answer)
- The middle value of ordered data
- The most frequently occurring value
Correct answer: The spread from the minimum to maximum value
The range is the difference between the largest and smallest values in a data set, indicating overall spread.
Question 4: What is a 'hypothesis' in statistical testing?
- A proven scientific fact
- A testable statement or prediction about a population parameter (Correct answer)
- A type of graph
- A measure of central tendency
Correct answer: A testable statement or prediction about a population parameter
In hypothesis testing, a hypothesis is a claim about a population that is evaluated using sample data.
Question 5: What does the Pythagorean theorem state about a right triangle?
- All three sides are equal
- The square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides (Correct answer)
- The area equals half the base times the height
- The sum of all angles is 180 degrees
Correct answer: The square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides
The Pythagorean theorem states that a² + b² = c², where c is the length of the hypotenuse.
Question 6: What is the decimal equivalent of 25%?
- 0.025
- 2.5
- 0.25 (Correct answer)
- 25.0
Correct answer: 0.25
To convert a percentage to a decimal, divide by 100, so 25% becomes 0.25.
BGS, BSGS Bachelor of General Studies Mathematics and Statistics 2
What does a positive correlation between two variables indicate?