BCA Research Methods 5

Question 1

A researcher who tests a hypothesis derived from an existing theory is using which approach?

Accepted Answer

Deductive reasoning

Answer

Deductive reasoning moves from a general theory to a specific testable hypothesis, the typical approach in quantitative research.

Question 2

Effect size in statistical analysis tells you:

Accepted Answer

How large or meaningful the observed difference actually is

Answer

Effect size measures the practical magnitude of a finding, independent of sample size, indicating how meaningful the result is.

Question 3

Which ethical principle requires researchers to maximize benefits and minimize harms to participants?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Beneficence obligates researchers to protect participants from harm and maximize the potential benefits of the research.

Question 4

A literature review in a research paper is intended to:

Accepted Answer

Summarize and synthesize existing knowledge on a topic

Answer

A literature review synthesizes prior research to establish context, identify gaps, and justify the current study.

Question 5

Random assignment in an experiment is used primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Equalize participant characteristics across conditions

Answer

Random assignment distributes participant characteristics equally across groups, minimizing the effect of confounding variables.

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