BCA Critical Thinking 5

Question 1

Which of the following is the best example of inductive reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Observing that the sun has risen every day in history and concluding it will rise tomorrow

Answer

Inductive reasoning draws probable conclusions from patterns of specific observations.

Question 2

What is the 'burden of proof' in an argument?

Accepted Answer

The responsibility of the person making a claim to provide evidence supporting it

Answer

The burden of proof lies with whoever makes a positive claim; they must support it with evidence.

Question 3

A debate opponent shifts the subject when pressed on a weakness in their argument. This is called:

Accepted Answer

Red herring

Answer

A red herring introduces an irrelevant topic to distract from the original argument.

Question 4

Which statement best describes 'begging the question'?

Accepted Answer

Using the conclusion as a premise in the argument without independent support

Answer

Begging the question is a circular fallacy where the conclusion is assumed in the premises.

Question 5

Which practice helps reduce personal bias when evaluating an argument?

Accepted Answer

Actively seeking out and fairly considering perspectives that challenge your own

Answer

Steelmanning opposing views — engaging with their strongest form — reduces the influence of personal bias.

(BCA) Bergen County Academies Practice Test