Critical Care & Intensive Care Flashcards
7 cards from real BCA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Critical Care & Intensive Care flashcards as text
A postoperative patient develops fever, tachycardia, hypertension, diaphoresis, and agitation 24 hours after stopping long-term alcohol use. Which is the first-line treatment?
Answer: Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam or diazepam) are the first-line treatment for alcohol withdrawal syndrome by enhancing GABA-A inhibitory tone.
Which parameter best reflects oxygen delivery (DO2) to tissues?
Answer: Cardiac output × (SaO2 × Hgb × 1.34)
DO2 = cardiac output × oxygen content (CaO2 = Hgb × 1.34 × SaO2 + 0.003 × PaO2); it reflects how much oxygen is actually delivered per minute.
A patient with septic shock has ScvO2 of 55% despite adequate MAP and CVP. Which intervention addresses the underlying problem?
Answer: Transfuse to Hgb >10 g/dL or increase cardiac output
Low ScvO2 (<70%) indicates inadequate oxygen delivery relative to demand; improving CO (dobutamine) or increasing Hgb addresses the supply-demand mismatch.
Proning a patient with severe ARDS (PaO2/FiO2 <150) for ≥16 hours per day is associated with which outcome?
Answer: Reduced 28-day mortality
The PROSEVA trial demonstrated a significant 28-day mortality reduction with prolonged prone positioning in severe ARDS (PaO2/FiO2 <150).
A patient on CRRT for AKI develops worsening metabolic alkalosis. Which dialysate/replacement fluid component is most likely contributing?
Answer: Bicarbonate-based buffer in the replacement fluid
Bicarbonate-buffered replacement fluids can cause metabolic alkalosis if delivered in excess of the patient's acid-buffering needs.
Which scoring system is most commonly used in the ICU to assess organ dysfunction and predict mortality in critically ill patients?
Answer: SOFA score
The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score evaluates six organ systems and is the standard tool for defining and tracking sepsis-related organ dysfunction.
A post-cardiac arrest patient undergoes targeted temperature management. What is the recommended target temperature per current guidelines?
Answer: 36°C
Current guidelines (post-TTM2 trial) recommend targeting normothermia (36°C) and actively preventing fever, rather than mandating hypothermia at 32-34°C.