Nutritional Management Flashcards
7 cards from real BC ADM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Nutritional Management flashcards as text
A patient with T2DM asks about the glycemic index (GI) of foods. Which statement best describes how GI should be applied in diabetes meal planning?
Answer: GI is a useful tool but must be considered alongside glycemic load and portion size
GI is a helpful indicator but glycemic load (GI × carbohydrate amount) and portion size are equally important for predicting blood glucose response.
Which dietary pattern has the strongest evidence for reducing HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes?
Answer: Mediterranean-style eating pattern
The Mediterranean eating pattern consistently demonstrates significant HbA1c reduction and cardiovascular benefit in multiple randomized controlled trials in T2DM.
A person with diabetes following a very low carbohydrate diet (≤50 g/day) reports frequent hypoglycemia. The most appropriate first step is to:
Answer: Reduce glucose-lowering medications in collaboration with the prescriber
Significant carbohydrate restriction reduces glucose-lowering medication requirements, so doses must be adjusted downward to prevent hypoglycemia.
Which type of dietary fiber has the most evidence for improving postprandial glucose control in diabetes?
Answer: Viscous soluble fiber such as beta-glucan and psyllium
Viscous soluble fibers form a gel in the gut that slows glucose absorption and blunts postprandial glucose spikes.
For a patient with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3b, dietary protein intake should be:
Answer: Restricted to 0.6–0.8 g/kg/day to slow CKD progression
ADA guidelines recommend reducing protein to 0.6–0.8 g/kg/day in non-dialysis CKD patients with diabetes to slow kidney disease progression.
A patient using an insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio (ICR) reports consistent postprandial hyperglycemia despite accurate carb counting. Which nutritional factor is most likely being overlooked?
Answer: Fat and protein content that delays gastric emptying
High-fat and high-protein meals slow gastric emptying, causing delayed glucose absorption that may require a split or extended bolus strategy.
What is the recommended daily sodium intake for adults with diabetes and hypertension according to the ADA?
Answer: Less than 2,300 mg/day
ADA recommends less than 2,300 mg sodium per day for individuals with diabetes, consistent with general cardiovascular risk reduction guidelines.