Nutrition & Fluid Balance Flashcards
6 cards from real Basic Nursing Skills practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Nutrition & Fluid Balance flashcards as text
Which food is highest in potassium and beneficial for a patient with hypokalemia?
Answer: Bananas and oranges
Bananas, oranges, potatoes, and leafy greens are high in potassium and should be encouraged in patients with hypokalemia.
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is administered via which route?
Answer: Central venous catheter
TPN is a hypertonic solution that must be administered through a central venous catheter (e.g., PICC or central line) to prevent phlebitis and vessel damage.
A patient on a clear liquid diet may have:
Answer: Gelatin, broth, apple juice, and popsicles
Clear liquid diets include transparent or translucent liquids such as broth, gelatin, apple juice, and popsicles — nothing that is opaque.
Which sign indicates the patient may be experiencing refeeding syndrome after starting nutritional support?
Answer: Hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia
Refeeding syndrome causes electrolyte shifts (hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia) as glucose and insulin drive minerals into cells during rapid nutritional repletion.
When teaching a patient about a low-sodium diet, which food should the nurse instruct the patient to avoid?
Answer: Canned soups and processed meats
Canned soups and processed meats are extremely high in sodium due to preservatives and added salt, and must be avoided on a low-sodium diet.
A patient's BMI is calculated at 17.5. The nurse should recognize this as:
Answer: Underweight
BMI below 18.5 is classified as underweight; normal is 18.5–24.9, overweight is 25–29.9, and obese is ≥30.