Basic Nursing Skills Nutrition & Fluid Balance 2

Question 1

Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with muscle cramps, weakness, and cardiac dysrhythmias?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Hypocalcemia

Answer

Hyponatremia

Answer

Hyperphosphatemia

Question 2

Before inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube, the nurse should:

Accepted Answer

Measure from the nose to the ear to the xiphoid process

Answer

Measure from the nose to the xiphoid process

Answer

Measure from the mouth to the navel

Answer

Estimate the length using the patient's height

Question 3

After inserting an NG tube, the most reliable method to verify placement is:

Accepted Answer

Confirming placement with an X-ray

Answer

Aspirating gastric contents and checking pH

Answer

Auscultating air insufflation over the stomach

Answer

Observing the patient for coughing or choking

Question 4

A patient receiving enteral tube feedings develops abdominal distension, nausea, and high gastric residual volumes. The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

Hold the feeding and notify the provider

Answer

Increase the feeding rate to meet nutritional goals

Answer

Switch to a different formula immediately

Answer

Continue feeding and recheck in 4 hours

Question 5

Which dietary teaching point is most important for a patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Distribute carbohydrate intake evenly throughout the day

Answer

Eliminate all carbohydrates from the diet

Answer

Increase protein intake to 50% of total calories

Answer

Avoid all fats and oils

Question 6

A patient's intake and output record shows 2,800 mL intake and 1,200 mL output in 24 hours. The nurse should recognize this as:

Accepted Answer

Positive fluid balance indicating potential overload

Answer

Normal fluid balance

Answer

Fluid deficit requiring IV fluids

Answer

Negative fluid balance