BAPSY FREE BAPSY Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Cognitive Psychology Questions and Answers 2

Question 1

Which memory system is responsible for holding information temporarily while performing complex cognitive tasks such as reasoning or comprehension?

Accepted Answer

Working memory

Answer

Sensory memory

Answer

Procedural memory

Answer

Episodic memory

Question 2

What does the cocktail party effect demonstrate about selective attention?

Accepted Answer

Personally relevant stimuli can capture attention even when unattended

Answer

People cannot filter auditory information

Answer

Unattended information is completely lost

Answer

Divided attention has no cognitive cost

Question 3

In problem solving, what is functional fixedness?

Accepted Answer

A tendency to perceive objects only in terms of their typical use

Answer

The inability to learn new functions for familiar objects

Answer

A bias toward the first solution that comes to mind

Answer

The tendency to fixate on problems that have no solution

Question 4

According to the levels of processing framework proposed by Craik and Lockhart, which type of encoding leads to the strongest long-term memory retention?

Accepted Answer

Semantic encoding

Answer

Structural encoding

Answer

Phonemic encoding

Answer

Maintenance rehearsal

Question 5

What is the primary distinction between bottom-up and top-down processing in perception?

Accepted Answer

Bottom-up is driven by sensory input while top-down is guided by expectations and prior knowledge

Answer

Bottom-up relies on prior knowledge while top-down relies on sensory data

Answer

Bottom-up is faster than top-down processing

Answer

Top-down processing only occurs in visual perception

Question 6

Which heuristic involves making judgments based on how easily examples come to mind?

Accepted Answer

Availability heuristic

Answer

Representativeness heuristic

Answer

Anchoring heuristic

Answer

Recognition heuristic