Exploring Theories and Concepts Flashcards
7 cards from real BAPSY practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Exploring Theories and Concepts flashcards as text
Which concept from systems theory describes a family's tendency to maintain a stable pattern of interaction, even when change is needed?
Answer: Homeostasis
Homeostasis in family systems theory refers to the family's natural drive to maintain familiar, stable patterns of interaction.
The 'just-world hypothesis,' a cognitive bias identified by Melvin Lerner, is the belief that:
Answer: People deserve what happens to them because the world is fair
The just-world hypothesis is the tendency to believe people get what they deserve, which can lead to blaming victims for their misfortune.
In the context of personality theory, the 'Big Five' trait 'openness to experience' is most closely associated with:
Answer: Curiosity, imagination, and aesthetic sensitivity
Openness to experience reflects intellectual curiosity, creativity, and a preference for novelty and variety.
Seligman's concept of 'learned helplessness' suggests that depression may develop when individuals:
Answer: Believe their actions have no effect on outcomes
Learned helplessness occurs when repeated exposure to uncontrollable events leads to the belief that one's actions are futile.
According to the gate control theory of pain, psychological factors such as anxiety can:
Answer: Open the 'gate' and amplify pain signals to the brain
Gate control theory proposes that psychological states like anxiety can open the neural 'gate,' increasing the transmission of pain signals.
Which of the following best describes 'schema' as used in cognitive psychology?
Answer: A mental framework that organizes and interprets information
A schema is a cognitive structure that helps organize and interpret information based on prior knowledge and experience.
The 'actor-observer bias' in social psychology refers to the tendency to:
Answer: Explain our own behavior situationally while explaining others' behavior dispositionally
The actor-observer bias describes how we tend to explain our own actions using situational factors while attributing others' actions to their personality.