Dynamics of Human Development and Behavior Flashcards
7 cards from real BAPSY practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Dynamics of Human Development and Behavior flashcards as text
A researcher studying how cognitive abilities change from age 20 to age 80 by testing the same individuals repeatedly over 60 years is conducting which type of study?
Answer: Longitudinal study
A longitudinal study follows the same participants over an extended time period to examine developmental change within individuals.
According to Baltes's lifespan developmental theory, which principle states that developmental gains always involve trade-offs with losses?
Answer: Multidirectionality
Multidirectionality refers to the fact that development involves simultaneous gains in some areas and losses in others throughout the lifespan.
Which theory of aging proposes that older adults who remain active and engaged maintain higher levels of satisfaction and adjustment?
Answer: Activity theory
Activity theory posits that older adults experience greater life satisfaction when they maintain active involvement in roles and relationships.
In the context of moral development, Gilligan criticized Kohlberg's theory primarily because it:
Answer: Was based on male samples and overemphasized justice over care
Gilligan argued that Kohlberg's model was androcentric, developed from male responses, and neglected the 'ethic of care' more characteristic of female moral reasoning.
A child who uses the word 'dog' to refer to all four-legged animals is demonstrating which language development error?
Answer: Overextension
Overextension occurs when a child applies a word too broadly, using 'dog' for cats, horses, and other animals beyond its conventional meaning.
Which researcher is most associated with studying the effects of harsh vs. nurturant parenting styles and identified authoritative parenting as most beneficial for child outcomes?
Answer: Diana Baumrind
Diana Baumrind identified three parenting styles—authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive—and found authoritative parenting associated with the best child outcomes.
When a child understands that other people have thoughts, beliefs, and desires different from their own, they have developed:
Answer: Theory of mind
Theory of mind is the ability to attribute mental states to others, recognizing that they can hold beliefs and intentions different from one's own.